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Clinical-Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics

This section considers studies of the structure and function of genes and chromosomes, with relation to human health and disease and the role of genetic mutations and cytogenetic changes in human genetic disorders.

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  1. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by a clustering of cardiovascular risk factors that include: abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension and glucose intolerance. Angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPT...

    Authors: Sara Kharazmi-Khorassani, Jasmin Kharazmi-Khorassani, Azam Rastegar-Moghadam, Sara Samadi, Hamideh Ghazizadeh, Maryam Tayefi, Gordon A. Ferns, Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan, Amir Avan and Habibollah Esmaily
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:97
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. The highly conservative miR-15/107 family (also named as miR-15/107 gene group) including ten miRNA members is currently recognized strongly implicated in multiple human disorders. Some studies focus on the en...

    Authors: Si Wang, Wenhua Zhu, Jing Xu, Yuanxu Guo, Jidong Yan, Liesu Meng, Congshan Jiang and Shemin Lu
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:96
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. Tubulinopathies result from mutations in tubulin genes, including TUBG1, responsible for cell microtubules, are characterized by brain development abnormalities, microcephaly, early-onset epilepsy, and motor impa...

    Authors: Yue T. K. Yuen, Ilaria Guella, Elke Roland, Michael Sargent and Cyrus Boelman
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:95
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  4. CHARGE syndrome is characterized by coloboma, heart defects, choanal atresia, growth retardation, genitourinary malformation and ear abnormalities. The chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein 7 (CHD7) gene is t...

    Authors: Xiang Chen, Kai Yan, Yanyan Gao, Huijun Wang, Guoqiang Chen, Bingbing Wu, Qian Qin, Lin Yang and Wenhao Zhou
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:93
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is a common type of hereditary hemolytic anemia. According to the current diagnostic criteria of HS, patients with a family history of HS, typical clinical features and laboratory...

    Authors: Hongwei Shen, Hui Huang, Kaizhong Luo, Yan Yi and Xiaoliu Shi
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:90
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  7. Succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH) deficiency is a rare autosomal recessively-inherited defect of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) metabolism. The absence of SSADH, which is encoded by aldehyde dehydrogenas...

    Authors: Ping Wang, Fengying Cai, Lirong Cao, Yizheng Wang, Qianqian Zou, Peng Zhao, Chao Wang, Yuqin Zhang, Chunquan Cai and Jianbo Shu
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:88
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  8. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the sodium taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide (NTCP) have been showed to be associated with natural history of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, it is ...

    Authors: Natthaya Chuaypen, Nongnaput Tuyapala, Nutcha Pinjaroen, Sunchai Payungporn and Pisit Tangkijvanich
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:87
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. Glycogen storage disease type I (GSD I), also known as von Gierk disease, is a metabolic disorder leading to the excessive accumulation of glycogen and fat in organs, characterized by hepatomegaly, hypoglycemi...

    Authors: Wenying Wang, Rentao Yu, Wenting Tan, Yunjie Dan, Guohong Deng and Jie Xia
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:85
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  10. Progressive bilateral sensorineural deafness in postlingual period may be linked to many different etiologies including genetic factors. Identification of the exact deafness cause may, therefore, be quite chal...

    Authors: Lukas Varga, Daniel Danis, Martina Skopkova, Ivica Masindova, Zuzana Slobodova, Lucia Demesova, Milan Profant and Daniela Gasperikova
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:84
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  11. Intellectual disability/developmental delay is a complex condition with extraordinary heterogeneity. A large proportion of patients lacks a specific diagnosis. Next generation sequencing, enabling identificati...

    Authors: Huifang Yan, Zhen Shi, Ye Wu, Jiangxi Xiao, Qiang Gu, Yanling Yang, Ming Li, Kai Gao, Yinyin Chen, Xiaoping Yang, Haoran Ji, Binbin Cao, Ruoyu Duan, Yuwu Jiang and Jingmin Wang
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:80
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. The X-ray repair cross-complementing group 3 (XRCC3) is an efficient component of homologous recombination and is required for the preservation of chromosomal integrity in mammalian cells. The association between...

    Authors: Sepideh Dashti, Zahra Taherian-Esfahani, Abbasali Keshtkar and Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:79
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. Few manuscripts have reported phenotypes of skeletal muscle myopathies caused by mutations in the head region of slow/cardiac beta-myosin heavy chain (MyHCI). Among the patients, some of them showed the phenot...

    Authors: Jean Mamelona, Louisa Filice, Youcef Oussedik, Nicolas Crapoulet, Rodney J. Ouellette and Alier Marrero
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:78
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  14. Mitochondrial respiratory chain consists of five complexes encoded by nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. Mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are key enzymes in the synthesis of such complexes. Bi-allelic ...

    Authors: Chiara Begliuomini, Giorgio Magli, Maja Di Rocco, Filippo M. Santorelli, Denise Cassandrini, Claudia Nesti, Federica Deodato, Daria Diodato, Susanna Casellato, Delia M. Simula, Veronica Dessì, Anna Eusebi, Alessandra Carta and Stefano Sotgiu
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:77
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  15. Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere Syndrome (BVVLS), a rare neurological disorder characterized by motor, sensory, and cranial neuronopathies, is mainly associated with defective riboflavin transporters encoded by SLC52...

    Authors: Kaili Shi, Zhen Shi, Huifang Yan, Xiaodong Wang, Yanling Yang, Hui Xiong, Qiang Gu, Ye Wu, Yuwu Jiang and Jingmin Wang
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:76
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  16. α-thalassaemia is an inherited blood disorder caused by mutations in the α-globin gene cluster. Recognizing the pathogenic α-globin gene mutations associated with α-Thalassemia is of significant importance to ...

    Authors: Jianlong Zhuang, Jie Tian, Jitao Wei, Yu Zheng, Qianmei Zhuang, Yuanbai Wang, Qingyue Xie, Shuhong Zeng, Geng Wang, Yanchao Pan and Yuying Jiang
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:74
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. Pathogenic variants associated with hereditary breast cancer have been reported for BRCA1 and BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) genes in patients from multiple ethnicities, but limited information is available from sub-Saharan Afr...

    Authors: Jean Pascal Demba Diop, Rokhaya Ndiaye Diallo, Violaine Bourdon-Huguenin, Ahmadou Dem, Doudou Diouf, Mamadou Moustapha Dieng, Seydi Abdoul Ba, Yacouba Dia, Sidy Ka, Babacar Mbengue, Alassane Thiam, Oumar Faye, Papa Amadou Diop, Hagay Sobol and Alioune Dieye
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:73
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Nail-patella syndrome (NPS) is an autosomal dominant developmental disorder most commonly characterized by dyplasia of nail or patella, the radial head or the humeral head hypoplasia, and, frequently ocular ab...

    Authors: Xiaoyi Yan, Jie Lin, Yifan Wang, Junli Xuan, Ping Yu, Tingwei Guo and Fan Jin
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:71
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. X-linked spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda (SEDT-XL) is a skeletal disorder characterized by defective structures of vertebral bodies and/or of epiphyses of the long bones, resulting in moderately short statu...

    Authors: Joon Yeon Won, Dayeon Kim, Seon Young Park, Hye Ran Lee, Jong-Seok Lim, Jong Hoon Park, Mi Hyun Song, Hae Ryong Song, Ok-Hwa Kim, Yonghwan Kim and Tae-Joon Cho
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:70
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  20. Usher syndrome, the most common form of inherited deaf-blindness, is unlike many other forms of syndromic hereditary hearing loss in that the extra aural clinical manifestations are also detrimental to communi...

    Authors: Justin A. Pater, Jane Green, Darren D. O’Rielly, Anne Griffin, Jessica Squires, Taylor Burt, Sara Fernandez, Bridget Fernandez, Jim Houston, Jiayi Zhou, Nicole M. Roslin and Terry-Lynn Young
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:68
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. Lynch syndrome, is an autosomal dominantly inherited disease that predisposes individuals to a high risk of colorectal cancers, and some mismatch-repair genes have been identified as causative genes. The purpo...

    Authors: Tomoyuki Momma, Kenji Gonda, Yoshinori Akama, Eisei Endo, Daisuke Ujiie, Shotaro Fujita, Yuko Maejima, Shoichiro Horita, Kenju Shimomura, Shigehira Saji, Koji Kono, Rei Yashima, Fumiaki Watanabe, Kokichi Sugano and Tadashi Nomizu
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:67
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  22. Hunter syndrome (mucopolysaccharidosis type II) is a recessive X-linked disorder due to mutations in the iduronate 2-sulfatase (IDS) gene. The IDS gene encodes a lysosomal enzyme, iduronate 2-sulfatase. The disea...

    Authors: A. N. Semyachkina, E. Y. Voskoboeva, E. Y. Zakharova, E. A. Nikolaeva, I. V. Kanivets, A. D. Kolotii, G. V. Baydakova, M. N. Kharabadze, R. G. Kuramagomedova and N. V. Melnikova
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:66
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  23. Mutations in the coding region of FOXP2 are known to cause speech and language impairment. However, it is not clear how dysregulation of the gene contributes to language deficit. Interestingly, microdeletions of ...

    Authors: Raúl Torres-Ruiz, Antonio Benítez-Burraco, Marta Martínez-Lage, Sandra Rodríguez-Perales and Paloma García-Bellido
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:65
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. GATA2 is a transcription factor that is a critical regulator of gene expression in hematopoietic cells. GATA2 deficiency presents with multi-lineage cytopenia, mycobacterial, fungal and viral infections. Patie...

    Authors: Daniela Palheiro Mendes-de-Almeida, Francianne Gomes Andrade, Gustavo Borges, Filipe V. dos Santos-Bueno, Iracema F. Vieira, Luana Kelly M. da S. da Rocha, Daniella A. Mendes-da-Cruz, Rosely M. Zancopé-Oliveira, Rodrigo T. Calado and Maria S. Pombo-de-Oliveira
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:64
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  25. We performed clinical and genetic characterization of a family with cavitary optic disc anomaly (CODA), an autosomal dominant condition that causes vision loss due to adult-onset maculopathy in the majority of...

    Authors: Eileen S. Hwang, Denise J. Morgan, Katie L. Pennington, Leah A. Owen, John H. Fingert, Paul S. Bernstein and Margaret M. DeAngelis
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:63
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. Reports on autosomal recessive optic atrophy (arOA) are sparse and so far, only one gene has been specifically associated with non-syndromic arOA, namely TMEM126A. To date, all reports of pathogenic TMEM126A vari...

    Authors: Katja Kloth, Matthis Synofzik, Christoph Kernstock, Simone Schimpf-Linzenbold, Frank Schuettauf, Axel Neu, Bernd Wissinger and Nicole Weisschuh
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:62
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  27. Restrictive cardiomyopathy is a rare cardiac disease, for which several genes including TNNT2, MYPN, FLNC and TNNI3 have been associated with its familial form.

    Authors: Malena P. Pantou, Polyxeni Gourzi, Aggeliki Gkouziouta, Iakovos Armenis, Loukas Kaklamanis, Christianna Zygouri, Pantelis Constantoulakis, Stamatis Adamopoulos and Dimitrios Degiannis
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:61
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  28. MYO15A variants are responsible for human non-syndromic autosomal recessive deafness (DFNB3). The majority of MYO15A variants are associated with a congenital severe-to-profound hearing loss phenotype, except for...

    Authors: Jing Zhang, Jing Guan, Hongyang Wang, Linwei Yin, Dayong Wang, Lidong Zhao, Huifang Zhou and Qiuju Wang
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:60
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. Many mutations in the α-tectorin gene (TECTA) have been reported to cause non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL) in either a dominant or recessive inheritance pattern. Among the identified TECTA mutations, H1400Y has ...

    Authors: Gi-Sung Nam, John Hoon Rim, Jae Young Choi, Heon Yung Gee, Jong Rak Choi, Seung-Tae Lee and Jinsei Jung
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:57
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  30. PHKA2 gene mutations can cause liver phosphorylase kinase (PhK) deficiency, resulting in glycogen storage disease type IXa (GSD IXa). Elevated liver transaminase levels and liver enlargement are the most frequent...

    Authors: Junling Fu, Tong Wang and Xinhua Xiao
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:56
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  31. Progressive pseudorheumatoid dysplasia (PPRD) is a rare autosomal-recessive, non-inflammatory arthropathy, shown to be caused by mutations in the WNT1-inducible signaling pathway protein 3 (WISP3) gene. Although ...

    Authors: Ben Pode-Shakked, Asaf Vivante, Ortal Barel, Shai Padeh, Dina Marek-Yagel, Alvit Veber, Shachar Abudi, Aviva Eliyahu, Irit Tirosh, Shiri Shpilman, Shirlee Shril, Friedhelm Hildebrandt, Mordechai Shohat and Yair Anikster
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:53
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are among the most deleterious types of DNA damage. DSBs are repaired by homologous recombination or non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ). NHEJ, which is central to the process of ...

    Authors: Hossein Esmaeilzadeh, Mohammad Reza Bordbar, Zahra Hojaji, Parham Habibzadeh, Dorna Afshinfar, Mohammad Miryounesi, Majid Fardaei and Mohammad Ali Faghihi
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:45
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  33. To investigate the clinical features and the underlying causal gene of a family with hereditary late-onset deafness in Inner Mongolia of China, and to provide evidence for the early genetic screening and diagn...

    Authors: Ningjin Wu, Husile Husile, Liqing Yang, Yaning Cao, Xing Li, Wenyan Huo, Haihua Bai, Yangjian Liu and Qizhu Wu
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:43
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. Congenital nystagmus (CN) and congenital cataracts are distinct eye diseases and are usually isolated. Cases with CN and congenital cataracts caused by different genes in one family have been rarely reported.

    Authors: Naihong Yan, Lirong Xiao, Chen Hou, Bo Guo, Wei Fan, Yingping Deng and Ke Ma
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:41
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  35. Hyperekplexia also known as Startle disease is a rare neuromotor hereditary disorder characterized by exaggerated startle responses to unexpected auditory, tactile, and visual stimuli and generalized muscle st...

    Authors: Teresa Sprovieri, Carmine Ungaro, Serena Sivo, Michela Quintiliani, Ilaria Contaldo, Chiara Veredice, Luigi Citrigno, Maria Muglia, Francesca Cavalcanti, Sebastiano Cavallaro, Eugenio Mercuri and Domenica Battaglia
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:40
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  37. This article intends to explore the association between interleukin-6 gene (IL-6) -174 G/C single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and the risk and mortality of sepsis by conducting this updated meta-analysis with t...

    Authors: Yao Chen, Yanyan Hu and Zhenju Song
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:35
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis is a life-threatening disease resulting from primary or secondary hyper-inflammatory disorders. The typical symptoms include persistent fever, splenomegaly, cytopenia and si...

    Authors: Lingshuang Sheng, Wei Zhang, Jia Gu, Kefeng Shen, Hui Luo and Yang Yang
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:34
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  39. Gaucher disease is a rare pan-ethnic, lysosomal storage disorder resulting due to beta-Glucosidase (GBA1) gene defect. This leads to the glucocerebrosidase enzyme deficiency and an increased accumulation of undeg...

    Authors: Jayesh Sheth, Riddhi Bhavsar, Mehul Mistri, Dhairya Pancholi, Ashish Bavdekar, Ashwin Dalal, Prajnya Ranganath, Katta M Girisha, Anju Shukla, Shubha Phadke, Ratna Puri, Inusha Panigrahi, Anupriya Kaur, Mamta Muranjan, Manisha Goyal, Radha Ramadevi…
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:31
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. Deafness, autosomal recessive 77 (DFNB77) is a rare non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL) worldwide, which is caused by deleterious variants within lipoxygenase homology domains 1 (LOXHD1). Here we identified that a ...

    Authors: Na Shen, Ting Wang, Delei Li, Aiguo Liu and Yanjun Lu
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:30
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  41. Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC) is a group of genetic autosomal recessive disorders that predominantly affects young children and results in early-onset progressive liver damage. Several t...

    Authors: Ting Ge, Xinyue Zhang, Yongmei Xiao, Yizhong Wang and Ting Zhang
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:18
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  42. KBG syndrome is a very rare autosomal dominant disorder, characterized by macrodontia, distinctive craniofacial findings, skeletal findings, post-natal short stature, and developmental delays, sometimes associ...

    Authors: Rita Maria Alves, Paolo Uva, Marielza F. Veiga, Manuela Oppo, Fabiana C. R. Zschaber, Giampiero Porcu, Henrique P. Porto, Ivana Persico, Stefano Onano, Gianmauro Cuccuru, Rossano Atzeni, Lauro C. N. Vieira, Marcos V. A. Pires, Francesco Cucca, Maria Betânia P. Toralles, Andrea Angius…
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:16
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  43. Autosomal recessive nail dysplasia is characterized by thick and hard nails with a very slow growth on the hands and feet. Mutations in FZD6 gene were found to be associated with autosomal recessive nail dysplasi...

    Authors: Ceren Saygı, Yasemin Alanay, Uğur Sezerman, Aslı Yenenler and Nesrin Özören
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:15
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. Muscular dystrophies are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by variable degrees of progressive muscle degeneration and weakness. There is a wide variability in the age ...

    Authors: Fateme Ziyaee, Eslam Shorafa, Hassan Dastsooz, Parham Habibzadeh, Hamid Nemati, Amir Saeed, Mohammad Silawi, Mohammad Ali Farazi Fard, Mohammad Ali Faghihi and Seyed Alireza Dastgheib
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:13
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  45. Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS) Type 1 (OMIM 180849) is characterized by three main features: intellectual disability; broad and frequently angulated thumbs and halluces; and characteristic facial dysmorphism.

    Authors: Mohammad M. Al-Qattan, Abdulaziz Jarman, Atif Rafique, Zuhair N. Al-Hassnan and Heba M. Al-Qattan
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:12
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  46. Mohr-Tranebjaerg syndrome (MTS) is a rare X-linked recessive neurodegenerative disorder resulting in early-onset hearing impairment, gradual dystonia and optic atrophy. MTS is caused by variations in the nucle...

    Authors: Hongyang Wang, Li Wang, Ju Yang, Linwei Yin, Lan Lan, Jin Li, Qiujing Zhang, Dayong Wang, Jing Guan and Qiuju Wang
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:11
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is a clinical manifestation featured by velvety brown plaques in skin folds that occurs in some hereditary and syndromic disorders. Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) mutations ...

    Authors: Junling Fu, Yiting Zhao, Tong Wang, Qian Zhang and Xinhua Xiao
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:8
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  48. Tandem mass spectrometry (MS MS) and simple fluorometric assays are currently used in newborn screening programs to detect inborn errors of metabolism (IEM). The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical u...

    Authors: Wenjie Wang, Jianping Yang, Jinjie Xue, Wenjuan Mu, Xiaogang Zhang, Wang Wu, Mengnan Xu, Yuyan Gong, Yiqian Liu, Yu Zhang, Xiaobing Xie, Weiyue Gu, Jigeng Bai and David S. Cram
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:3
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS), a rare, multisystemic disorder, has been linked to genetic alterations in NIPBL, SMC1A, SMC3, HDAC8, and RAD21 genes. Approximately 60% of CdLS patients harbor various NIPBL var...

    Authors: Natalia Krawczynska, Jolanta Wierzba, Jacek Jasiecki and Bartosz Wasag
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2019 20:1
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  50. Fabry disease is an X-linked recessive lysosomal disorder caused by deficient enzymatic activity of α-galactosidase A (α-Gal A). The insufficient enzymatic activity leads to excessive accumulation of glycosphi...

    Authors: Chi Zhou, Jin Huang, Guanglin Cui, Hesong Zeng, Dao Wen Wang and Qiang Zhou
    Citation: BMC Medical Genetics 2018 19:219
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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