From: Genome-wide association study of lung function and clinical implication in heavy smokers
Genetic Scorea | 8–11 (n = 228) | 12–13 (n = 643) | 14–15 (n = 612) | 16–18 (n = 149) | P valueǂ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CT Evidence of Emphysema (TLC % Area < − 950 HUb) | 5.54 ± 6.59 | 7.60 ± 9.84 | 8.67 ± 10.4 | 12.5 ± 12.4 | < 0.0001 |
CT Evidence of Airtrapping (RV % Area < − 856 HUb) | 21.8 ± 18.1 | 24.0 ± 20.6 | 27.6 ± 21.0 | 33.9 ± 23.2 | < 0.0001 |
BODE Index | 1.15 ± 1.62 | 1.33 ± 1.75 | 1.61 ± 1.98 | 2.21 ± 2.41 | < 0.0001 |
COPD Assessment Test (CAT) | 12.7 ± 8.0 | 13.0 ± 8.0 | 14.0 ± 8.2 | 13.5 ± 7.9 | 0.07 |
St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) Total Score | 30.4 ± 19.7 | 30.3 ± 19.6 | 32.9 ± 20.0 | 35.5 ± 20.6 | 0.0044 |
6-Minute Walk Distance (6MWD, meters) | 416 ± 114 | 415 ± 111 | 418 ± 124 | 390 ± 126 | 0.0086 |
Exacerbations requiring ED Visit or Hospitalization in last 12 months (% Yes) | 7.5% | 6.5% | 11% | 14% | 0.001 |