Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study subjects

Number

519

264

255

Age (years)

44.8 ± 9.4

43.9 ± 9.4

45.8 ± 9.4

0.023

Body mass index (kg/m²)

24.1 ± 3.4

24.8 ± 3.1

23.4 ± 3.6

<0.001

Current smokers (%)

19.8

35.2

3.9

<0.001

CRP (mg/L)

1.0 ± 1.4

1.1 ± 1.4

1.0 ± 1.3

0.071

Fibrinogen (mg/dL)

260.3 ± 66.6

257.7 ± 68.6

263.2 ± 64.6

0.348

sE-selectin (μg/L)

52.6 ± 25.7

59.8 ± 27.0

45.0 ± 22.0

<0.001

sP- selectin (ng/mL)

135.9 ± 114.1

149.2 ± 129.6

122.2 ± 94.0

0.004

SAA, (mg/L)

5.1 ± 10.1

5.4 ± 11.6

4.7 ± 8.4

0.485

sICAM1 (μg/L)

239.8 ± 113.2

243,8 ± 109.6

235.8 ± 116.8

0.281

sVCAM1 (μg/L)

488.0 ± 133.7

490.4 ± 154.2

485.4 ± 108.8

0.647

MMP1 (pg/mL)

486.9 ± 1213.4

355.1 ± 591.4

622.7 ± 1612.2

0.992

MMP2 (ng/mL)

126.4 ± 40.8

123.0 ± 41.9

129.9 ± 39.5

0.013

MMP9 (ng/mL)

142.1 ± 111.8

154.1 ± 112.8

129.7 ± 109.7

<0.001

MCP1 (pg/mL)

74.0 ± 61.0

80.9 ± 71.2

66.9 ± 47.4

0.006

sTNFRII (pg/mL)

3237.3 ± 922.3

3300.2 ± 966.8

3172.7 ± 871.3

0.116

IL6 (pg/mL)

4.0 ± 7.5

4.2 ± 8.8

3.8 ± 5.8

0.426