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Table 3 Association of Baseline Methylationa at Each CpG Dinucleotide With Child Obesity Status at 36-Month Follow-Up

From: Salivary epigenetic biomarkers as predictors of emerging childhood obesity

Unique CpG Dinucleotide

Associated Gene

Odds Ratio

95% CI

p-value

Biological Relevance

cg21790991

FSTL1

1.35

[0.88, 2.06]

0.16

Regulate endothelial cell function and vascular remodeling in response to hypoxic ischemia [30, 40]

cg03218460

SORCS2

2.08

[0.83, 5.21]

0.12

Functions to regulate fasting insulin levels and secretion of insulin, diabetes susceptibility [41, 42]

cg23241637

ZNF804A

1.47

[0.61, 3.49]

0.39

Schizophrenia [43, 44]

cg04798490

SHANK2

1.51

[0.6, 3.8]

0.38

Autism [45, 46]

cg01307483

NRF1

2.98

[1.06, 8.38]

0.04*

Innate immune response governing adipocyte inflammation, cytokine expression, and insulin resistance [34,35,36]

cg19312314

CBS

0.75

[0.27, 2.13]

0.59

Catalyzes the conversion of homocysteine to cystathionine, associated with homocystinuria and hydrogen sulfide production [47]

cg14321859

DLC1

1.82

[0.69, 4.81]

0.23

Regulates Rho GTP-binding proteins, cytoskeletal signaling, tumor suppressor, adipocyte differentiation [48, 49]

cg03067613

ATP8B3

1.24

[0.4, 3.8]

0.71

Reproduction [37]

cg11296553

CEP72

0.99

[0.03, 32.38]

0.99

Ulcerative colitis [38]

cg16509445

CRYL1

1.04

[0.23, 4.63]

0.96

Heptocellular carcinoma [50]

cg16344026

PPARGC1B

0.27

[0.04, 2.04]

0.21

Fat oxidation, non-oxidative glucose metabolism, and energy regulation, ubiquitous in duodenum and small intestines [51, 52]

cg15354625

ODZ4

0.78

[0.12, 4.94]

0.79

Bipolar disorder [53]

cg23836542

CHN2

1.13

[0.14, 9.07]

0.91

Encodes GTP-metabolizing protein that regulates cell proliferation and migration, insulin resistance [54, 55]

cg07511564

NXPH1

1.02

[0.34, 3.03]

0.97

Forms a tight complex with alpha neurexins, promoting adhesion between dendrites and axons, diabetic neuropathy [56, 57]

cg18799510

GRIN3A

1.02

[0.32, 3.28]

0.98

Schizophrenia [31, 58]

cg14996807

UNC13A

3.17

[0.64, 15.76]

0.16

ALS [59, 60]

cg18431297

SORCS2

1.01

[0.51, 1.99]

0.98

Neuropeptide receptor activity, strongly expressed in the central nervous system, acts with IGF1 in the setting of cardiovascular disease [42, 61]

  1. a Degree of methylation was a continuous variable calculated by log-transforming the normalized values and multiplying by 10 to put it on a scale from 0 to 10 (see Methods section)
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BMC Medical Genetics

ISSN: 1471-2350

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