Table 1 Demographic, anthropometric, and clinical characteristics of the control and patient study groups

Gender (M, F) (%)

28.8, 71.2

32.8, 67.2

0.170164:336

Age (yrs) (years)

53.0 ± 8.4

57.2 ± 12.2

< 0.001 ^a

Age at diagnosis (yrs)

–

49.4 ± 11.3

ND

Weight (kg)

60.0 ± 10.0

67.7 ± 13.8

< 0.001 ^a

Waist circumference (cm)

83.3 ± 9.4

89.6 ± 11.4

< 0.001 ^a

Waist-to-hip ratio

0.8 ± 0.1

0.9 ± 0.1

< 0.001 ^a

BMI (kg/m²)

24.1 ± 3.3

27.3 ± 5.0

< 0.001 ^a

SBP (mmHg)

116.7 ± 15.4

134.9 ± 19.4

< 0.001 ^a

DBP (mmHg)

71.7 ± 10.3

79.3 ± 10.4

< 0.001 ^a

FPG (mmol/l)

3.9 (3.4, 4.4)

8.4 (6.6, 12.1)

< 0.001 ^b

HbA_1c (mmol/mol)

36.6 (34.2, 37.7)

57.4 (48.0, 74.9)

< 0.001

TC (mmol/l)

208.4 ± 37.9

200.2 ± 53.3

< 0.001 ^a

TG (mmol/l)

2.3 (2.0, 2.6)

1.5 (1.1, 2.1)

< 0.001 ^b

LDL-C (mmol/l)

2.5 (1.8, 3.5)

2.1 (1.2, 3.6)

< 0.001 ^b

HDL-C (mmol/l)

3.2 (2.6, 3.9)

1.6 (1.1, 2.2)

< 0.001 ^b