Establishing a genetic link between FTO and VDR gene polymorphisms and obesity in the Emirati population

Table 1 Clinical and biochemical characteristics of the study subjects

Category	Variable	Obese (n = 201)	Overweight (n = 115)	Normal (n = 98)	p-value
Demographic data	Age (years)	57.48 ± 11.80	57.66 ± 12.05	52.10 ± 15.56	0.001*
	BMI (kg/m²)	35.77 ± 4.55	27.56 ± 1.44	22.72 ± 1.84	< 0.00001*
	Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	131.05 ± 16.18	126.63 ± 16.70	122.68 ± 19.28	0.0006*
	Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	74.30 ± 10.71	72.74 ± 11.87	71.58 ± 11.94	0.155
Biochemical tests	HbA1c (%)	7.24 ± 1.48	7.19 ± 1.48	6.57 ± 1.17	0.033*
	Triglyceride (mmol/L)	1.80 ± 2.25	1.59 ± 1.56	1.15 ± 0.58	0.091
	Total Cholesterol (mmol/L)	4.20 ± 1.45	4.19 ± 1.68	4.37 ± 1.11	0.738
	HDL Cholesterol (mmol/L)	1.30 ± 0.68	1.17 ± 0.40	1.30 ± 0.38	0.162
	LDL Cholesterol (mmol/L)	2.23 ± 1.03	2.36 ± 1.29	2.54 ± 1.02	0.199
Lifestyle data	Smoker (Yes)	8.08%	7.96%	10.41%	0.769
Lifestyle data	Physically active (Yes)	53.77%	57.39%	43.75%	0.124

All continuous variables are presented as mean ± standard deviation. All binary variables are presented as percentages Abbreviations- BMI Body mass index, HbA1c Glycosylated hemoglobin, HDL High density lipoprotein, LDL Low density lipoprotein, n Number of individuals. *Significant p-values< 0.05 are in bold