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Table 2 Hazard ratio for incident CVD in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (n = 23,949) according to rs4977574 genotype and dietary or alcohol intake categories

From: The chromosome 9p21 variant interacts with vegetable and wine intake to influence the risk of cardiovascular disease: a population based cohort study

 

Hazard ratio (95% Confidence interval)

P trend b,d

P interaction e,f

AA

AG

GG

Additive model b,d

 

n

7325

11777

4847

   

Vegetables (g/day)

      

0.043, 0.049

 Low

7952

1.29 (1.09–1.52)

1.22 (1.04–1.43)

1.50 (1.26–1.79)

1.06 (0.98–1.14)

0.16

 

 Medium

8041

0.87 (0.73–1.05)

1.27 (1.09–1.48)

1.41 (1.18–1.70)

1.27 (1.17–1.38)

5.6 × 10−8

 

 High

7956

1.00 (ref)a,e

1.20 (1.02–1.41)

1.43 (1.18–1.72)

1.19 (1.08–1.30)

0.0004

 

  Per categoryc,e

 

0.86 (0.79–0.94)

0.98 (0.92–1.05)

0.99 (0.90–1.09)

   

  Ptrend c,e

 

0.001

0.61

0.83

   

Fruits (g/day)

      

0.69, 0.80

 Low

7886

1.10 (0.93–1.30)

1.26 (1.09–1.46)

1.51 (1.27–1.80)

1.16 (1.07–1.26)

0.0004

 

 Medium

8030

1.13 (0.96–1.34)

1.25 (1.08–1.45)

1.46 (1.23–1.74)

1.14 (1.04–1.24)

0.003

 

 High

8033

1.00 (ref)

1.24 (1.07–1.44)

1.44 (1.21–1.72)

1.18 (1.08–1.29)

0.0002

 

  Per category

 

0.97 (0.89–1.06)

0.98 (0.92–1.05)

1.00 (0.90–1.10)

   

  Ptrend

 

0.48

0.52

0.92

   

Wine (g/day)

      

0.029, 0.031

 Non-consumers

6843

1.03 (0.86–1.22)

1.27 (1.09–1.49)

1.57 (1.32–1.88)

1.23 (1.14–1.34)

4 × 10−7

 

 Low

8472

0.93 (0.78–1.11)

1.14 (0.98–1.33)

1.29 (1.08–1.59)

1.16 (1.07–1.26)

0.0004

 

 High

8634

1.00 (ref)

1.01 (0.87–1.17)

1.17 (0.98–1.40)

1.08 (0.98–1.18)

0.11

 

  Per category

 

0.97 (0.88–1.08)

0.91 (0.85–0.98)

0.84 (0.75–0.93)

   

  Ptrend

 

0.61

0.01

0.001

   

Alcohol (g/day)

      

0.73, 0.86

 Abstainers

1448

1.19 (0.78–1.81)

1.63 (1.11–2.39)

2.26 (1.49–3.42)

1.34 (1.13–1.60)

0.001

 

 Low

17331

1.14 (0.81–1.60)

1.36 (0.97–1.91)

1.47 (1.04–2.08)

1.14 (1.07–1.20)

0.00002

 

 Medium

4150

1.18 (0.81–1.70)

1.06 (0.74–1.52)

1.64 (1.13–2.37)

1.15 (1.02–1.30)

0.03

 

 High

1020

1 (ref)

1.23 (0.82–1.85)

1.57 (0.99–2.50)

1.29 (1.02–1.63)

0.04

 

  Per category

 

0.98 (0.87–1.10)

0.85 (0.78–0.93)

0.96 (0.85–1.09)

   

  Ptrend

 

0.74

0.0004

0.57

   
  1. aMultivariable Cox proportional hazards model for incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) during follow-up with hazard ratio per each category of rs4977574 genotype and food or beverage intake assuming the highest category and AA genotype as reference.
  2. bMultivariable Cox proportional hazards model for incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) during follow-up with hazard ratio per risk G allele using an additive genetic model.
  3. cMultivariable Cox proportional hazards model for incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) during follow-up with hazard ratio per each higher food or beverage intake category with the lowest intake category as reference.
  4. dAdjusted for age and sex.
  5. eAdjusted for age, sex, BMI, SBP, season, method, total energy intake, leisure time physical activity, alcohol intake, smoking status, education, lipid lowering and antihypertensive treatment.
  6. fExcluding BMI, SBP, antihypertensive and lipid lowering treatment from the adjustment model.