Genetic associations of Nrf2-encoding NFE2L2 variants with Parkinson’s disease – a multicenter study

BMC Medical Genetics

Table 1 Demographic characteristics of PD patients and control subjects

Parameter	Sweden PD-Goth ¹			Italy			Sweden PD-Link
	PD	Control	p-value	PD	Control	p-value	PD	Control	p-value
N	165	190	---	329	450	---	195	379	---
Sex (Male)	94 (57.0)	70 (36.8)	<0.001	205 (62.3)	179 (39.8)	<0.001	121 (62.1)	187 (49.3)	0.004³
AAS (years)	68.2 ± 8.8	69.1 ± 9.3	0.698	66.5 ± 9.2	57.0 ± 17.4	<0.001	71.4 ± 8.7	67.5 ± 9.7	<0.001³
AAO² (years)	59.0 ± 10.2	---	---	60.1 ± 10.1	---	---	63.6 ± 10.0	---	---
AAO² (years)	N = 164	---	---	N = 328	---	---	63.6 ± 10.0	---	---
FH	15 (9.3)	9 (4.8)	0.096	24 (7.3)	ni	ni	14 (7.2)	15 (4.0)	0.095
FH	N = 162	N = 189	0.096	24 (7.3)	ni	ni	14 (7.2)	15 (4.0)	0.095
Current smoker	9 (8.7)	13 (8.3)	0.897	17 (8.2)	ni	ni	9 (4.6)	56 (14.8)	<0.001
Current smoker	9 (8.7)	13 (8.3)	0.897	N = 208	ni	ni	N = 194	56 (14.8)	<0.001
Ever smoked	38 (36.9)	81 (51.6)	0.020	77 (37.0)	ni	ni	63 (32.5)	183 (48.3)	<0.001
Ever smoked	38 (36.9)	81 (51.6)	0.020	N = 208	ni	ni	N = 194	183 (48.3)	<0.001
Parameter	Malta			Poland			Germany
	PD	Control	p-value	PD	Control	p-value	PD	Control	p-value
N	101	313	---	192	192	---	56	76	---
Sex (Male)	63 (62.4)	197 (62.9)	0.919³	117 (60.9)	117 (60.9)	1.000³	33 (58.9)	34 (44.7)	0.107³
AAS (years)	71.3 ± 10.0	72.7 ± 10.0	0.176³	63.7 ± 10.9	72.9 ± 9.9	<0.001⁴	66.0 ± 11.9	57.8 ± 10.8	<0.001³
AAO¹ (years)	64.1 ± 11.6	---	---	55.2 ± 10.9	---	---	58.7 ± 12.5	---	---
AAO¹ (years)	N = 76	---	---	55.2 ± 10.9	---	---	N = 54	---	---
FH	13 (12.9)	8 (2.6)	<0.001	ni	ni	ni	ni	ni	ni
Current smoker	3 (3.0)	25 (8.1)	0.076	ni	ni	ni	ni	ni	ni
Current smoker	3 (3.0)	N = 308	0.076	ni	ni	ni	ni	ni	ni
Ever smoked	31 (30.7)	149 (47.6)	0.003	ni	ni	ni	ni	ni	ni

Data are presented as absolute numbers (%) or mean ± SD. p-values were calculated with Pearson χ²-test for categorical parameters and Mann–Whitney U test for continuous parameters. AAS: age at sampling; AAO: age at onset; AAFS: age at first symptom; AAD: age at diagnosis; ni: no information available. FH: family history (one or more 1st degree family member(s) with PD). N-numbers are shown if data was not available for all subjects in the analysis.
¹Discovery material on which the replication analyses in this study are based.
²AAO is: AAFS for Italy, PD-Goth and Poland; AAD for Germany, Malta and PD-Link.
³The results are expected to be similar between the groups due to the applied matching in the original study design. Significant p-values are likely a result of not including all samples from the original studies.
⁴This result is expected due to the original study design.

ISSN: 1471-2350