Respiratory symptoms among infants at risk for asthma: association with surfactant protein A haplotypes

BMC Medical Genetics

Table 1 Unadjusted associations between personal characteristics and respiratory symptoms during the first year of life for 221 white infants at risk for developing asthma. (CT and MA, 1998 – 2000)

		Persistent cough (days/year) (%)							Wheeze (days/year) (%)
Characteristic	n (%)	0	1 – 7	8 – 14	15 – 21	22 – 28	> 28	p-value^a	0	1 – 7	8 – 14	15 – 21	22 – 28	> 28	p-value^a
White infants N (%)	221	109 (49.3)	30 (13.6)	19 (8.6)	12 (5.4)	10 (4.5)	41 (18.6)		119 (54.3)	49 (22.4)	17 (7.8)	7 (3.2)	6 (2.7)	21 (9.6)
Gender
male	115 (52.0)	42.6	14.8	11.3	7.0	7.0	17.4	0.12	44.2	27.4	8.0	3.5	4.4	12.4	0.005
female	106 (48.0)	56.6	14.3	5.7	3.8	1.9	19.8		58.0	17.0	7.6	2.8	0.9	6.6
Maternal allergies
No	81 (36.7)	44.4	17.3	8.6	3.7	2.5	23.5	0.20	52.5	21.2	10.0	3.8	2.5	10.0	0.35
Yes	140 (63.4)	52.1	11.4	8.6	6.4	5.7	15.7		55.4	23.0	6.5	2.9	2.9	9.4
Maternal asthma
No	153 (69.2)	52.3	15.0	9.2	5.2	2.0	16.3	0.02	57.2	23.7	7.9	2.6	0.7	7.9	0.01
Yes	68 (30.7)	42.6	10.3	7.4	5.9	10.3	23.5		47.8	19.4	7.5	4.5	7.5	13.4
Daycare (starting age in months)
1 – 5	43 (19.6)	48.8	14.0	9.3	2.3	7.0	18.6	0.26	55.8	14.0	11.6	2.3	4.6	11.6	0.45
6 – 12	21 (9.6)	57.1	9.5	19.0	4.8	0.0	9.5		55.0	30.0	10.0	0.0	0.0	0.5
None in first year	155 (70.8)	49.0	14.2	6.4	6.4	4.5	19.4		53.9	24.0	6.5	3.9	2.6	9.1
Breast feeding (duration in months)
None	49 (22.3)	53.1	14.3	6.1	4.1	0.0	22.4	0.25	49.0	18.4	10.2	2.0	6.1	14.3	0.15
1 – 5	57 (25.9)	49.1	19.3	3.5	7.0	5.3	15.8		57.9	19.3	3.5	3.5	1.8	14.0
6 – 12	114 (51.8)	47.4	10.5	12.3	5.3	6.1	18.4		54.5	25.9	8.9	3.6	1.8	5.4
ETS
No	197 (89.6)	48.7	12.2	9.6	5.6	4.6	19.3	0.19	55.4	20.5	8.7	3.1	3.1	9.2	0.38
Yes	23 (10.4)	52.2	26.1	0.0	4.4	4.4	13.0		43.5	39.1	0.0	4.4	0.0	13.0

^ap-values from test for trend: Cochran-Armitage exact test (1-sided) for gender, maternal allergies, maternal asthma, Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS); Somer's D statistic (1-sided) for age when starting daycare and duration of breastfeeding. Significant p-values (p < 0.05) in bold-face type.

ISSN: 1471-2350