| | |
Persistent cough (days/year) (%)
|
Wheeze (days/year) (%)
|
|---|
|
Characteristic
|
n (%)
|
0
|
1 – 7
|
8 – 14
|
15 – 21
|
22 – 28
|
> 28
|
p-valuea
|
0
|
1 – 7
|
8 – 14
|
15 – 21
|
22 – 28
|
> 28
|
p-valuea
|
|---|
|
White infants N (%)
|
221
|
109 (49.3)
|
30 (13.6)
|
19 (8.6)
|
12 (5.4)
|
10 (4.5)
|
41 (18.6)
| |
119 (54.3)
|
49 (22.4)
|
17 (7.8)
|
7 (3.2)
|
6 (2.7)
|
21 (9.6)
| |
|
Gender
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
male
|
115 (52.0)
|
42.6
|
14.8
|
11.3
|
7.0
|
7.0
|
17.4
|
0.12
|
44.2
|
27.4
|
8.0
|
3.5
|
4.4
|
12.4
|
0.005
|
|
female
|
106 (48.0)
|
56.6
|
14.3
|
5.7
|
3.8
|
1.9
|
19.8
| |
58.0
|
17.0
|
7.6
|
2.8
|
0.9
|
6.6
| |
|
Maternal allergies
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
No
|
81 (36.7)
|
44.4
|
17.3
|
8.6
|
3.7
|
2.5
|
23.5
|
0.20
|
52.5
|
21.2
|
10.0
|
3.8
|
2.5
|
10.0
|
0.35
|
|
Yes
|
140 (63.4)
|
52.1
|
11.4
|
8.6
|
6.4
|
5.7
|
15.7
| |
55.4
|
23.0
|
6.5
|
2.9
|
2.9
|
9.4
| |
|
Maternal asthma
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
No
|
153 (69.2)
|
52.3
|
15.0
|
9.2
|
5.2
|
2.0
|
16.3
|
0.02
|
57.2
|
23.7
|
7.9
|
2.6
|
0.7
|
7.9
|
0.01
|
|
Yes
|
68 (30.7)
|
42.6
|
10.3
|
7.4
|
5.9
|
10.3
|
23.5
| |
47.8
|
19.4
|
7.5
|
4.5
|
7.5
|
13.4
| |
|
Daycare (starting age in months)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
1 – 5
|
43 (19.6)
|
48.8
|
14.0
|
9.3
|
2.3
|
7.0
|
18.6
|
0.26
|
55.8
|
14.0
|
11.6
|
2.3
|
4.6
|
11.6
|
0.45
|
|
6 – 12
|
21 (9.6)
|
57.1
|
9.5
|
19.0
|
4.8
|
0.0
|
9.5
| |
55.0
|
30.0
|
10.0
|
0.0
|
0.0
|
0.5
| |
|
None in first year
|
155 (70.8)
|
49.0
|
14.2
|
6.4
|
6.4
|
4.5
|
19.4
| |
53.9
|
24.0
|
6.5
|
3.9
|
2.6
|
9.1
| |
|
Breast feeding (duration in months)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
None
|
49 (22.3)
|
53.1
|
14.3
|
6.1
|
4.1
|
0.0
|
22.4
|
0.25
|
49.0
|
18.4
|
10.2
|
2.0
|
6.1
|
14.3
|
0.15
|
|
1 – 5
|
57 (25.9)
|
49.1
|
19.3
|
3.5
|
7.0
|
5.3
|
15.8
| |
57.9
|
19.3
|
3.5
|
3.5
|
1.8
|
14.0
| |
|
6 – 12
|
114 (51.8)
|
47.4
|
10.5
|
12.3
|
5.3
|
6.1
|
18.4
| |
54.5
|
25.9
|
8.9
|
3.6
|
1.8
|
5.4
| |
|
ETS
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
No
|
197 (89.6)
|
48.7
|
12.2
|
9.6
|
5.6
|
4.6
|
19.3
|
0.19
|
55.4
|
20.5
|
8.7
|
3.1
|
3.1
|
9.2
|
0.38
|
|
Yes
|
23 (10.4)
|
52.2
|
26.1
|
0.0
|
4.4
|
4.4
|
13.0
| |
43.5
|
39.1
|
0.0
|
4.4
|
0.0
|
13.0
| |
-
ap-values from test for trend: Cochran-Armitage exact test (1-sided) for gender, maternal allergies, maternal asthma, Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS); Somer's D statistic (1-sided) for age when starting daycare and duration of breastfeeding. Significant p-values (p < 0.05) in bold-face type.
