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Table 3 The most constantly expressed genes (n = 38) having at least two-fold change, up- (n = 25) or down- (n = 15) regulation, simultaneously in 2 of 8 discordant identical twins with MS when compared to their healthy siblings.

From: Gene expression profiles in Finnish twins with multiple sclerosis

Gene group/symbol

GenBank accession no.

Description

Up (↑) or down (↓) – regulation of genes

Basic transcription factors

POU3F1

NM_002699

POU domain, class 3, transcription factor 1

NKX2-5

NM_004387

Cardiac-specific homeobox

PHOX2A

NM_005169

Aristaless (drosophila) homeobox

Cell surface antigens

MX2

M30818

Myxovirus (influenza) resistance 2

LY6E

NM_002346

Lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus E

NKG7

NM_005601

Natural killer cell group 7 sequence

ITGAL

NM_002209

Integrin, alpha L, lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (CD11A)

CD4

M12807

T cell surface glycoprotein CD4 antigen (p55)

Growth factors, cytokines and chemokines

PPBP

M54995

Pro-platelet basic protein

SCGF

D86586

Stem cell growth factor

Intracellular transducers/effectors/modulators

VBP1

NM_003372

Von Hippel-Lindau binding protein 1

STK3

NM_006281

Serine/threonine kinase 3 (STE20 homolog, yeast)

↑ and ↓

Metabolism

HBA1

NM_000558

Hemoglobin, alpha 1

HBA2

NM_000517

Hemoglobin, alpha 2

HBB

NM_000518

Hemoglobin, beta

ECH1

NM_001398

Enoyl Coentzyme A hydratase 1, peroxisomal

ARSA

NM_000487

Arylsulfatase A

HPRT1

V00530

Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase1

GAPD

X01677

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

Ribosomal proteins

RPS9

U14971

Ribosomal protein S9

RPS12

NM_001016

Ribosomal protein S12

RPS20

NM_001023

Ribosomal protein S20

RPS29

NM_001032

Ribosomal protein S29

RPL3

NM_000967

Ribosomal protein L3

RPL9

NM_000661

Ribosomal protein L9

RPL39

NM_001000

Ribosomal protein L39

LAMR1

U43901

Laminin receptor 1

↑ and ↓

RPS5

NM_001009

Ribosomal protein S5

RPL27A

NM_000990

Ribosomal protein L27a

RPL30

NM_000989

Ribosomal protein L30

RPL38

NM_000999

Ribosomal protein L38

Others

G1P3

X02492

Interferon-induced protein (6–16, IFI6-16)

LAPTM5

NM_006762

Lysosomal-associated multispanning membrane protein-5

AMH

NM_000479

Anti-Mullerian hormone

GPR6

NM_005284

G protein-coupled receptor 6

BNIP3L

NM_004331

BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kD-interacting protein 3-like

ACTB

X00351

Actin, beta