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Table 2 Sex-differential distribution among carotid IMT, plaque index and cardiovascular risk factors (only subjects with ultrasonic data are presented)

From: Sex-differential genetic effect of phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D) on carotid atherosclerosis

 

Men (N = 482)

Women (N = 531)

p value*

Age(yr)

52.5 ± 12.2

52.8 ± 12.2

0.766

Diabetes

60(12.5%)

43(8.2%)

0.025

Hypertension

171(35.5%)

147(27.7%)

0.008

Hyperlipidemia

24(5.1%)

29(5.6%)

0.704

Smoking (current + past vs. never)

198(41.4%)

10(1.9%)

9.9 × 10-54

Total cholesterol (mmol/L)

4.79 ± 0.87

4.86 ± 0.87

0.180

Carotid plaque

N = 268

N = 414

 

   No plaque (index = 0)

159(59.3%)

288(69.6%)

ref.

   Low-risk group (index = 1 - 3)

80(29.9%)

119(28.7%)

0.260

   High-risk group (index ≥ 4)

29(10.8%)

7(1.7%)

1 × 10-7

Age-adjusted carotid IMT (mm)

N = 482

N = 531

 

   CCA IMT

0.64 ± 0.13

0.59 ± 0.10

4.2 × 10-9

   Bif IMT

0.67 ± 0.13

0.63 ± 0.10

7.7 × 10-9

   ICA IMT

0.54 ± 0.11

0.48 ± 0.08

1.8 × 10-16

  1. * Student's t-test or Chi-squared test.
  2. Quantitative data are presented as mean ± SD